Horticultural Development Company

Table 2. Pesticides currently approved (March 2009) for pest control on protected herbs

Active ingredient(s)	Pesticide group	Product names	Approval type	Harvest interval	Mode of action & examples of pests controlled	Resistance issues (RMGs=resistant management guidelines)
Abamectin	Avermectins	Dynamec Acaramik	Specific Off-label Approval	14 days	Contact and translaminar 2-spotted spider mite, leaf miner	Liriomyza huidobrensis can be resistant. No known resistance in 2-spotted spider mite
Acetamiprid	Neonicotinoid	Gazelle (parsley only)	Specific Off-label Approval	3 days	Contact, translaminar, systemic Aphids, whiteflies	Resistance not known. Follow neonicotoid RMGs on label or SOLA
Bacillus thuringiensis	Biological control (bacterium)	DiPel DF	Specific Off-label Approval	0 days	Ingestion Caterpillars	Resistance not known in UK native species
Cypermethrin	Pyrethroid	Toppel 100 EC	Specific Off-label Approval	0 days	Contact Aphids, caterpillars, flea beetles, leafhoppers	Some strains of Aphis gossypii and Myzus persicae are resistant Western flower thrips, onion thrips and whitefly resistance likely
Deltamethrin	Pyrethroid	Bandu Decis Decis Protech	Specific Off-label Approval	7 days	Contact Aphids, caterpillars, flea beetles, leafhoppers	Some strains of Aphis gossypii and Myzus persicae are resistant. Western flower thrips, onion thrips and whitefly resistance likely
Fatty acids	Soap concentrate	Savona	Specific Off-label Approval	0 days	Contact Aphids, spider mites, whiteflies	Resistance not known
Ferric phosphate	Molluscicide bait	Ferramol Slug Killer Sluggo	On-Label (all edible & non-edible crops)	0 days	Stomach-acting Slugs, snails	Resistance not known
Lambda-cyhalothrin + pirimicarb	Pyrethroid + carbamate	Dovetail	Specific Off-label Approval	3 days	Contact (both active ingredients), translaminar + fumigant (pirimicarb only) Aphids	Some strains of Aphis gossypii and Myzus persicae are resistant
Metaldehyde	Molluscicide bait	Desire Prego 4	On-Label (all edible & non-edible crops)	0 days	Stomach and contact action Slugs, snails	Resistance not known
Methiocarb	Carbamate	New Draza	Specific Off-label Approval	10 days	Stomach-acting. Slugs, snails	Resistance not known
Natural plant extracts	Physical pesticide	Majestik	Exempt from pesticide regulations	0 days	Physical 2-spotted spider mite aphids, leafhoppers, leaf miner adults, 2-spotted spider mite, thrips, whiteflies	Resistance not known
Nicotine	Alkaloid	Nicotine 40% shreds	On-label	1 day	Fumigant aphids, whiteflies, thrips	Aphid resistance not known. Unlikely to kill western flower thrips
	Alkaloid	Stalwart XL All Nicotine 95%	Specific Off-label Approval (Stalwart also has on-label approval but for chives only)	2 days	Contact + fumigant aphids, whiteflies, thrips	Aphid resistance not known. Unlikely to kill western flower thrips
	Alkaloid	No-FID (chives only)	On-label	2 days	Contact + fumigant. aphids, small caterpillars	Aphid resistance not known. Unlikely to kill western flower thrips
Pirimicarb	Carbamate	Aphox Dovetail Phantom	Specific Off-label Approval	14 days (Aphox) 3 days ( Dovetail & Phantom)	Contact, translaminar, fumigant Aphids	Aphis gossypii and some strains of Myzus persicae are resistant
Pymetrozine	Azomethine	Chess WG	Specific Off-label Approval	14 days	Aphid antifeedant. May give some control of whiteflies	Resistance in aphids not known
Pyrethrins + naturally derived oil	Pyrethrins	Spruzit	On-label (all edible & non-edible crops) (N.B. see label warning, possible phytotoxicity to parsley)	0 days	Contact Aphids, flea beetles, caterpillars, leafhoppers, spider mites, thrips (effects on western flower thrips unknown), whitefly, mealybugs, scale insects	Aphis gossypii and some strains of Myzus persicae are resistant to pyrethrins. 2-spotted spider mite and whitefly resistance likely to pyrethrins
Rotenone	Natural pesticide	Liquid Derris Devcol Liquid Derris	On-label	1 day	Contact Aphids, thrips and 2-spotted spider mite	Recent information on efficacy unavailable
Spinosad	Spinosyn	Tracer	Specific Off-label Approval	3 days	Contact, ingestion Thrips, caterpillars	Over-use can lead to tolerance in western flower thrips. Follow RMGs on SOLA
Surfactants and nutrients	Physical pesticide	SB Plant Invigorator	Exempt from pesticide regulations	0 days	Physical Aphids, 2-spotted spider mite, whiteflies	Resistance not known
Thiacloprid	Neonicotinoid	Calypso Agrovista Reggae	Specific Off-label Approval	14 days	Contact, translaminar, systemic Aphids, leafhoppers, thrips, whiteflies	Resistance not known. Follow neonicotinoid RMGs on label or SOLA
Vegetable oil extracts/glucose polymer	Physical pesticide	Eradicoat	Exempt from pesticide regulations	0 days	Physical Aphids, leafhoppers, leaf miner adults, 2-spotted spider mite, thrips, whiteflies	Resistance not known
Verticillium lecanii	Biological control (insect-pathogenic fungus)	Mycotal Vertalec	Specific Off-label Approval	0 days	Contact Whiteflies, thrips (Mycotal) Aphids (Vertalec)	Resistance not known

Disclaimer

Every effort has been made to ensure that the information in these tables is complete and correct at the time of publishing. Defra, HDC and ADAS UK Ltd do not accept liability for any inaccuracy or liability for loss, damage or injury arising from the use of products listed herein. Omission of a product does not necessarily mean that it is not approved and available for use. Similarly, not all products containing the active ingredients listed in this table are currently approved for use on all leafy herbs. No endorsement of named products is intended nor is any criticism implied of other alternative, but un-named, products.

The pesticide information in these tables has been collated using information from the website of the Pesticides Safety Directorate (www.pesticides.gov.uk) and from suppliers’ labels and product manuals of pesticides approved under the Control of Pesticides Regulations 1986. Regular changes occur in the approval status of pesticides, arising from changes in the pesticide legislation or for other reasons. For the most up to date information, please check with a professional supplier or on the PSD website.

It is essential to follow the instructions on the approved label or Specific Off-Label Approval (SOLA) sheet before handling, storing or using any pesticide. SOLA uses are made entirely at the risk of the user.